User Tools

Site Tools


social

Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

Link to this comparison view

Both sides previous revisionPrevious revision
Next revision
Previous revision
social [2011/08/26 14:09] – [Emerging tools - Ning] justinsocial [2011/10/19 18:42] (current) admin
Line 1: Line 1:
-====== Current developments in social media and Web 2.0 ====== +====== Chapter 5: Current developments in social media and Web 2.0 ====== 
-//This chapter will present an overview of social media and web 2.0 developments and the common technologies.  It will explore the ways in which social media is relevant to the Parliamentary library both as a tool for research and as a means of outward projection of the library services.// +This chapter presents an overview of social media and web 2.0 developments and the common technologies.  It explores the ways in which social media is relevant to the Parliamentary library both as a tool for research and as a means of outward projection of the library services.
- +
-One of the phenomenal developments of the last decade has been the acceptance and transformation of the web from a purely informational resource to a two-way, highly engaged medium of communication.  This has occurred across cultural, national and economic boundaries.   Web 2.0 and Social Networking have been the buzz-words underlying this transformation.  Web 2.0 refers to a "second generation" of web-based services typified by two-way engagement, collaboration and information sharing.  __**While taken for granted now, the startlingly imaginative moves by Google and others to provide free access**__+
  
 +One of the phenomenal developments of the last decade has been the acceptance and transformation of the web from a purely informational resource to a two-way, highly engaged medium of communication.  This has occurred across cultural, national and economic boundaries.   Web 2.0 and Social Networking have been the buzz-words underlying this transformation.  Web 2.0 refers to a "second generation" of web-based services typified by two-way engagement, collaboration and information sharing.  
  
 Web 2.0 is not a single concept.  Rather it is a metaphor for the convergence of technologies that enables rich participation in and remixing (mash-ups) of applications.  The element of participation is most richly expressed in the emergence of blogs and other vehicles for personal expression on the web.  The ease with which personal narrative can be interwoven with other websites and other information sources was a key transition point from the web as a one-way information source to the web as an interactive discussion place.  Social networking (Facebook, Twitter and others) has extended this further by providing immediacy to personal expression in a context of networked relationships. Web 2.0 is not a single concept.  Rather it is a metaphor for the convergence of technologies that enables rich participation in and remixing (mash-ups) of applications.  The element of participation is most richly expressed in the emergence of blogs and other vehicles for personal expression on the web.  The ease with which personal narrative can be interwoven with other websites and other information sources was a key transition point from the web as a one-way information source to the web as an interactive discussion place.  Social networking (Facebook, Twitter and others) has extended this further by providing immediacy to personal expression in a context of networked relationships.
  
-The library no longer stands as the principal reference point for accumulated knowledge of an organisation.  It remains, however, one of the //trusted// sources of knowledge.  This presents both opportunities and challenges for the library.  Amidst the diversity of rich information sources now available to anyone with an Internet connection, the parliamentary library itself must assert its role as: +The library no longer stands as the principal reference point for accumulated knowledge of an organisation.  It remains, however, one of the //trusted// sources of knowledge.  This presents both opportunities and challenges for the library.  Amidst the diversity of rich information sources now available to anyone with an Internet connection, the Parliamentary Library itself must assert its role as: 
-  * a trusted source of impartial information +  * a trusted source of impartial information, 
-  * a source of advice and training for those navigating these diverse resources +  * a source of advice and training for those navigating these diverse resources, 
-  * a point of reference to facilitate understanding and filtering these diverse resources+  * a point of reference to facilitate understanding and filtering these diverse resources, and
   * a reliable point of permanent record and potentially also a distribution point for resources that //contribute to// these wider resources.   * a reliable point of permanent record and potentially also a distribution point for resources that //contribute to// these wider resources.
  
-This presents a professional development challenge for libraries: to be conversant and even situated in the middle of these new tools while maintaining a firm grip on the responsibilities for trustworthy management of information resources on behalf of parliamentary libraries.+This presents a professional development challenge for libraries: to be conversant and even situated in the middle of these new tools while maintaining a firm grip on the responsibilities for trustworthy management of information resources on behalf of Parliamentary Libraries.
 <pagebreak> <pagebreak>
  
 ===== Leveraging Web 2.0 for research ===== ===== Leveraging Web 2.0 for research =====
  
-//Opportunities for the utilisation of social media to facilitate the research services of the library.// 
 The physical collection of the library is only one of the reference points for research to meet the needs of parliamentary libraries.  In addition to being a unique new phenomenon of communication between groups, it also presents additional opportunities for research by the library on behalf of its members and clients.   For the parliamentary library the research may begin within the bounds of the library but it will certainly extend beyond that.  Many of the resources now available for research are free, and are being used by library clients themselves.  The role of the information professional here is important, as key concepts in searching remain important: The physical collection of the library is only one of the reference points for research to meet the needs of parliamentary libraries.  In addition to being a unique new phenomenon of communication between groups, it also presents additional opportunities for research by the library on behalf of its members and clients.   For the parliamentary library the research may begin within the bounds of the library but it will certainly extend beyond that.  Many of the resources now available for research are free, and are being used by library clients themselves.  The role of the information professional here is important, as key concepts in searching remain important:
  
Line 32: Line 30:
 ==== The Google Gaggle ==== ==== The Google Gaggle ====
  
-Google search - still the pre-eminent search engine.  The ranking algorithm, based on frequency of links to a given page has proven effective over time, even when distorted by Google's sale of keywords and strenuous efforts by others to distort rankings to their own ends.  However, the Google search is not the only rich resource provided by the imaginative crowd at Google.  Probably more important for research purposes are the new members in the Google fold.  Privacy issues surround Google and most major search engines.  The IP address, search keywords and sites visited may all be tracked.  Alternatives such as Scroogle (http://www.scroogle.org & https://ssl.scroogle.org) leverage Google to yield search results that preserve privacy and without advertisements.  They do not pass through to external sites search times used and insulate the searcher from logging and local recording of search terms used.   Other search engines such as ixquick (http://www.ixquick.com/) formally assert the privacy of the search process. +Google search - still the pre-eminent search engine.  The ranking algorithm, based on frequency of links to a given page has proven effective over time, even when distorted by Google's sale of keywords and strenuous efforts by others to distort rankings to their own ends.  However, the Google search is not the only rich resource provided by the imaginative crowd at Google.  Probably more important for research purposes are the new members in the Google fold.  
  
 Google scholar (http://scholar.google.com.au/) - indexes research articles, legal patents legal opinions and journals, providing a free vehicle for citation-based searching.  While a big draw card for academics, this can also be a useful method for background research on key topic areas of interest to parliamentary members. Google scholar (http://scholar.google.com.au/) - indexes research articles, legal patents legal opinions and journals, providing a free vehicle for citation-based searching.  While a big draw card for academics, this can also be a useful method for background research on key topic areas of interest to parliamentary members.
Line 39: Line 36:
 Google books (http://books.google.com/) - is the latest Herculean effort by Google to become the hub for discovering all publications.  While faltering on the copyright front, it still represents an extraordinary research resource.  A result page in Google books is an example of the mash-ups possible in web 2.0 - with reviews, cover art, related works, tag clouds of terms in the work, bibliographic information (including subject relationships) sample pages of scans, links to commercial providers of the work and "find in a library" - linking to WorldCat. Google books (http://books.google.com/) - is the latest Herculean effort by Google to become the hub for discovering all publications.  While faltering on the copyright front, it still represents an extraordinary research resource.  A result page in Google books is an example of the mash-ups possible in web 2.0 - with reviews, cover art, related works, tag clouds of terms in the work, bibliographic information (including subject relationships) sample pages of scans, links to commercial providers of the work and "find in a library" - linking to WorldCat.
  
-Google maps (http://maps.Google.com) - by providing google maps as an online resource that was simultaneously accessible as a web page and as a tool for others to mash-up with geographical information, Google has provided an immeasurably effective resource.   Google maps is itself replete with metadata and therefore represents a search tool for not only location discovery but also for searching about places, people and things.+Google maps (http://maps.Google.com) - by providing Google maps as an online resource that was simultaneously accessible as a web page and as a tool for others to mash-up with geographical information, Google has provided an immeasurably effective resource.   Google maps is itself replete with metadata and therefore represents a search tool for not only location discovery but also for searching about places, people and things.
  
 Google blog (http://blogsearch.google.com/) - provides a search engine indexing blogs specifically. Google blog (http://blogsearch.google.com/) - provides a search engine indexing blogs specifically.
  
 Google news (http://news.google.com.au/) - a news feed - that can be regionalised and taken as an RSS feed (for example all news items mentioning a given person). Google news (http://news.google.com.au/) - a news feed - that can be regionalised and taken as an RSS feed (for example all news items mentioning a given person).
 +
 +Google+ (https://plus.google.com) - Googles' latest response to Facebook, following their failed Wave product, with video chat (hangout).
 +
 +There are potential privacy with Google services as there are with most major search engines.  The IP address, search keywords and sites visited may all be tracked.  Alternatives such as Scroogle (http://www.scroogle.org & https://ssl.scroogle.org) leverage Google to yield search results that preserve privacy and without advertisements.  They do not pass through to external sites search times used and insulate the searcher from logging and local recording of search terms used.   Other search engines such as ixquick (http://www.ixquick.com/) attempt to protect the privacy of the search process.
  
 ==== WorldCat ==== ==== WorldCat ====
Line 51: Line 52:
 ==== Wikipedia ==== ==== Wikipedia ====
  
-Wikipedia represents a phenomenal resource.  Established in 2001, it has carved out a unique place in the web.  Its content may often be of questionable authenticity, and can be fraught with misuse and inaccuracy.  Nevertheless, its sheer scope makes it unequalled in breadth of content.  Irrespective of whether the information professional disdains or lives by Wikipedia, it is important to be aware of its presence in the information sphere.   This awareness for the parliamentary library can include:+Wikipedia represents a phenomenal resource.  Established in 2001, it has carved out a unique place in the web.  Its content may often be of questionable authenticity, and can be fraught with misuse and inaccuracy.  Nevertheless, its sheer scope makes it unequaled in breadth of content.  Irrespective of whether the information professional disdains or lives by Wikipedia, it is important to be aware of its presence in the information sphere.   This awareness for the parliamentary library can include:
  
   * establishing a profile on Wikipedia for the library    * establishing a profile on Wikipedia for the library 
   * becoming familiar with its search and alerting capabilities.    * becoming familiar with its search and alerting capabilities. 
  
-Wikipedia has a free-text search similar to Google, including the ability to qualify search terms.  For instance parliament -Westminster will search on articles //with// the term parliament and //without// the term Westminster.   __**[INCLUDE SCREENSHOT]?**__   The wiki includes a useful pseudo-authority for commonly used terms - searching on "Parliament (disambiguation)" will illustrate this concept - giving alternative semantics around a wider term.+Wikipedia has a free-text search similar to Google, including the ability to qualify search terms.  For instance parliament -Westminster will search on articles //with// the term parliament and //without// the term Westminster.   The wiki includes a useful pseudo-authority for commonly used terms - searching on "Parliament (disambiguation)" will illustrate this concept - giving alternative semantics around a wider term.
  
 Parliamentary members may be interested in references to themselves or to topics they are interested in.  Registering on the wiki is the entry point for contributing and editing articles.  It also allows the registered client to mark pages to "Watch" This will result in email alerts when there is activity on a topic that is of interest. Parliamentary members may be interested in references to themselves or to topics they are interested in.  Registering on the wiki is the entry point for contributing and editing articles.  It also allows the registered client to mark pages to "Watch" This will result in email alerts when there is activity on a topic that is of interest.
Line 62: Line 63:
 ==== Facebook,  YouTube, Flickr  ==== ==== Facebook,  YouTube, Flickr  ====
  
-The core group of social networking tools represented by Facebook, YouTube and Flickr represent a vast, raw, resource of content and information.  Each of these resources has a separate search engine, and most have a form of advanced search which at least allow searching by types of media and recency of publication (for instance the "search options" in YouTube).  As with Wikipedia, YouTube has a subscribe option to monitor particular pages or "channels" Yahoo's Flickr also has an advanced search allowing filtering by media type or date, and a range of functions to annotate through tagging or "favourites" Unlike Flickr and YouTube, Facebook requires sign-in for searching. The search options are limited.  The importance of Facebook is networking and "presence", and the integration of Facebook with other Web 2.0 functions such as Twitter.+Social networking allows individuals to describe their interests and activities and develop a community of common interests.  The core group of social networking tools represented by Facebook, YouTube and Flickr represent a vast, raw, resource of content and information.  Each of these resources has a separate search engine, and most have a form of advanced search which at least allow searching by types of media and recency of publication (for instance the "search options" in YouTube).  As with Wikipedia, YouTube has a subscribe option to monitor particular pages or "channels" Yahoo's Flickr also has an advanced search allowing filtering by media type or date, and a range of functions to annotate through tagging or "favourites" Unlike Flickr and YouTube, Facebook requires sign-in for searching. The search options are limited.  The importance of Facebook is networking and "presence", and the integration of Facebook with other Web 2.0 functions such as Twitter.
  
 ==== Blogs ==== ==== Blogs ====
Line 79: Line 80:
 ==== Wikis ==== ==== Wikis ====
  
-Wikipedia is just one in a class of web based documentation tools that enable quick, often participatory, development of web content in a simple, rapid manner.   Wikis are characterised by a simple writing syntax that (after a short learning curve) allows simple collaborative development of web-based information.  It can complement an intranet for purposes of documentation and information delivery.  The software supporting wikis is light-weight - DokuWiki (http://www.dokuwiki.org/dokuwiki) for instance requires no database and has a very simple install, but is complemented by a wide range of "plugins" than extend its functionality.   The wiki can be used for a broad range of task support in the library, from documentation to knowledge management.+Wikipedia is just one in a class of web based documentation tools that enable quick, often participatory, development of web content in a simple, rapid manner.   Wikis are characterised by a simple writing syntax that (after a short learning curve) allows simple collaborative development of web-based information.  It can complement an intranet for purposes of documentation and information delivery.  The software supporting Wikis is light-weight - DokuWiki (http://www.dokuwiki.org/dokuwiki) for instance requires no database and has a very simple install, but is complemented by a wide range of "plugins" than extend its functionality.   The wiki can be used for a broad range of task support in the library, from documentation to knowledge management.
 ==== Blogs ==== ==== Blogs ====
  
Line 109: Line 110:
 ==== Tagging ==== ==== Tagging ====
  
-When discussing searching above, the role of tagging was illustrated as a means of continues feedback into the information that is constantly evolving.  Many library applications, such as your cataloguemay well already support tagging.  Similarly, many of the news and information resources that the library engages with in research and support activities will already support tagging.  By engaging actively with tagging - and by tagging the results of existing research, the process of information engagement with members can be extended by contributing to the readily accessible pool of information that is directly relevant, by experience, to members and their support staff.  +Tagging is the means by which your clients can interact with your information systems.  Tagging allows the client to create topic phrases that express their particular interest, and share these "tags" with others.  It is one of the ways in which the catalogue and other resources can be opened up to the dynamic nature social networking interaction. 
 + 
 +Tagging transforms an otherwise static resource into a dynamically evolving and inter-connected resource.  The ILMS software for the library catalogue may already support tagging.  Similarly, many of the news and information resources that the library engages with in research and support activities will already support tagging.  By engaging actively with tagging - and by tagging the results of existing research, the process of information engagement with members can be extended by contributing to the readily accessible pool of information that is directly relevant, by experience, to members and their support staff.   There are risks associated with tagging and inappropriate usage of tags.  This risks balanced by the additional utility offered by the ability for your clients to select particular resources from your collection and share these selections with others. 
  
  
Line 116: Line 119:
 As well as engagement through in the Web 2.0 social networking sphere, the library can engage in a more fundamental way by open up its own unique services to the web through web services.    The library can be a rich aggregate resource of useful information by and about the members it serves.    Enabling web services that others can consume is a way of going beyond the vicarious engagement using others tools and contributing to the information admixture of the web. As well as engagement through in the Web 2.0 social networking sphere, the library can engage in a more fundamental way by open up its own unique services to the web through web services.    The library can be a rich aggregate resource of useful information by and about the members it serves.    Enabling web services that others can consume is a way of going beyond the vicarious engagement using others tools and contributing to the information admixture of the web.
  
-To be useful, such services need to be built in a metadata framework that facilitates interoperability.   +To be useful, such services need to be built in a metadata framework that facilitates interoperability.   Services can be delivered through a set of functions or "Application Programming Interfaces" (API's).  These may be implemented through: 
 + 
 +  * Web services - programmatic interfaces between a client system and a web server 
 +  * AJAX and other Javascript-based services - such as used by Google maps to provide simple mapping services using Javascript.
  
-[would this be a good place to talk about APIs? --- //[[user:justin|Justin Unrau]] 2011/06/17 12:06//] 
-==== RDF & Semantic web ==== 
  
-[discussion needed here - or should it be in electronic resource management?] 
-==== Emerging tools - Ning ==== 
  
-The monolithic nature of tools such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube have shaped developments in Social Networking.  However, emergent new systems are fulfilling a role for those that want their own communities rather than being part of a heterogeneous Web 2.0 community. [[http://www.ning.com/|Ning]] is an example of this development.  It reflects the social network evolution into a set of looks that bring together blogging, networking and communication based around a sub-community of common interests.   Ning may well be a good starting point for the library to explore Social Media for purposes of professional development and skills enhancement. 
  
-[ On further research Ning probably isn't the best example of this since it was recently sold and reinvented as a commercial project. --- //[[user:justin|Justin Unrau]] 2011/08/26 14:07// ] 
 ====Software==== ====Software====
-<WRAP center round download 80%>+<note important>
 **Standalone software** **Standalone software**
-  * [[http://www.mozillamessaging.com/en-US/thunderbird/all.html|Mozilla Thunderbird]] http://www.mozillamessaging.com/ - Most modern email clients now have an RSS reader built in. Mozilla Thunderbird is the most popular open source alternative to something like Microsoft's Outlook. +  * Mozilla Thunderbird.  http://www.mozillamessaging.com/en-US/thunderbird/all.html.  Mozilla Thunderbird supports an RSS feed Indeed most modern email clients now have an RSS reader built in. Mozilla Thunderbird is the most popular open source alternative to Microsoft's Outlook. 
-  * [[http://tweetdeck.com|Tweetdeck]] http://tweetdeck.com - A program for organizing and posting to various social media services including Twitter (who now owns Tweetdeck), Facebook, FourSquare, LinkedIn and anything with a Twitter-compatible API (though they haven't integrated Google+ as of this writing). Software like this allows easier monitoring of hashtags and lists as well. It is available for desktop clients as well as mobile devices.+  * Tweetdeck.  http://tweetdeck.com.  Tweetdeck is a program for organizing and posting to various social media services including Twitter (who now owns Tweetdeck), Facebook, FourSquare, LinkedIn and anything with a Twitter-compatible API (though they haven't integrated Google+ as of this writing). Software like this allows easier monitoring of hashtags and lists as well. It is available for desktop clients as well as mobile devices.
 **Wikis** **Wikis**
-  * [[http://www.dokuwiki.org/dokuwiki|DokuWiki]] http://www.dokuwiki.org/dokuwiki -  +  * DokuWiki http://www.dokuwiki.org/dokuwiki - is a documentation-oriented Wiki tool with no database requirements - quite easy to install. 
-  * [[http://http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki -+  * MediaWiki. http://http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki.  MediaWiki is similar to DocuWiki oriented to news and RSS.
 **Google Products** **Google Products**
-  * [[http://reader.google.com|Google Reader]] http://reader.google.com - A web-based RSS reader, with support for organizing and sharing individual articles and RSS feeds. It's useful for accessing RSS feeds even when away from your normal computer+  * Google Reader.  http://reader.google.com.  Google Reader is web-based RSS reader, with support for organizing and sharing individual articles and RSS feeds. It's useful for accessing RSS feeds away from the desktop
-  * [[http://scholar.google.com.au/|Google Scholar]] http://scholar.google.com/indexes research articles, legal patents legal opinions and journals, providing a free vehicle for citation-based searching. +  * Google Scholar. http://scholar.google.com.au/Google Scholar indexes research articles, legal patents legal opinions and journals, providing a free vehicle for citation-based searching. 
-  * [[http://books.google.com/|Google Books]] http://books.google.com/ - all about books, with reviews, cover art, related works, tag clouds of terms in the work, bibliographic information (including subject relationships) sample pages of scans, links to commercial providers of the work and "find in a library" - linking to WorldCat. +  * Google Books.  http://books.google.com/.  Google Books provides access to books, with reviews, cover art, related works, tag clouds of terms in the work, bibliographic information (including subject relationships) sample pages of scans, links to commercial providers of the work and "find in a library" - linking to WorldCat. 
-  * [[http://maps.Google.com|Google Maps]]] http://maps.Google.com/a search tool for not only location discovery but also for searching about places, people and things. +  * Google Maps.  http://maps.Google.com.  Google Maps provides a search tool for not only location discovery but also for searching about places, people and things,  including an extensible API that allows integration with your own website
-  * [[http://blogsearch.google.com/|Google Blog]] http://blogsearch.google.com/ - provides a search engine indexing blogs specifically. +  * Google Blog.  http://blogsearch.google.com/.  Google Blog.  http://blogsearch.google.com/ - provides a search engine indexing blogs specifically. 
-  * [[http://news.google.com.au/|Google News]] http://news.google.com/a news feed +  * Google News.  http://news.google.com.au/.  Google News provides search engine and news feed from news sources around the world. 
-  * [[http://plus.google.com/|Google Plus]] http://plus.google.com/ Google's new foray into social networking.+  * Google Plus.  http://plus.google.com/.  Google Plus is Googleslatest foray into social networking.
 **Alternatives**  **Alternatives** 
-  * [[http://www.scroogle.org|Scroogle]] http://www.scroogle.org & https://ssl.scroogle.org - leverages Google to yield search results that preserve privacy and without advertisements. +  * Scroogle http://www.scroogle.org.  Scroogle leverages Google to yield search results that preserve privacy and without advertisements. 
-  * [[http://ixquick.com/|ixquick]] http://www.ixquick.com/ - formally asserts the privacy of the search process. +  * Ixquick.  http://ixquick.com/  This search engine has protections for the privacy of the search process. 
-  * [[http://ning.com/|Ning]] http://ning.com - a (commercial) tool to create your own social networking site. +  * Ning.  http://ning.com/.   Ning is a (commercial) tool to create your own social networking site. 
-  * [[http://www.worldcat.org|WorldCat]] http://www.worldcat.org - OCLC's interlinking catalogue of books. +  * WorldCat.  http://www.worldcat.org.  WorldCat is OCLC's interlinking catalogue of books. 
-</WRAP>+</note>
 ====Standards==== ====Standards====
-<WRAP center round tip 80%+<note warning
-  * [[http://ostatus.org|OStatus]] http://ostatus.org - An open standard for distributed status updates. It is currently used by StatusNet, the software behind the open-source Twitter alternative [[http://identi.ca|Identi.ca]] +  * OStatus.  http://ostatus.org.  OStatus is an open standard for distributed status updates. It is currently used by StatusNet, the software behind the open-source Twitter alternative Identi.ca (http://identi.ca) 
-</WRAP>+</note>
 ===== Social media for democratic engagement and participation ===== ===== Social media for democratic engagement and participation =====
-//This section will explore the ways in which the library can itself contribute to social media services – opening up the OPAC and other systems for participation through tagging, reviews and other services, integrating through mash-ups the assets that the library has and other relevant external assets and resources.// 
  
 +Social media has been revolutionary in the full sense of the word.  It has changed the ways in which the citizens engage with their government, and also opened up new channels for two-way communication between individuals and also between organisations and individuals.
  
-==== TwitterFacebook and professional development ====+There is considerable room for riskmistakes and failure in an area for which there are poorly defined rules for etiquette and behaviour.   The Parliamentary library has the potential to play a role in facilitating the effective introduction and use of these tools in the Parliamentary environment and to make resources available to Parliamentary members and their staff to use and understand these services.
  
  
 <pagebreak> <pagebreak>
-~~ODT~~+
social.1314331766.txt.gz · Last modified: 2011/09/04 15:20 (external edit)

Donate Powered by PHP Valid HTML5 Valid CSS Driven by DokuWiki